Guide · Updated 2026
OPT & H-1B Job Consultancy Scams Explained
Many Indian students on OPT and H-1B fall victim to fraudulent "consultancies" that charge fees for fake jobs, run payroll fraud, or trap newcomers in unfair training bonds. A legitimate employer never asks you to pay for a job or fake your resume. This guide explains the common scams and how to protect your career and immigration status.
What are common OPT/H-1B consultancy scams?
Fraudulent consultancies exploit newcomers desperate for sponsorship.
- Charging upfront "placement" or "marketing" fees for jobs.
- Asking you to pay your own salary back (payroll fraud).
- Fabricating fake experience on your resume — this is immigration fraud.
- Unfair training bonds with huge penalties if you leave.
How do I spot a fake recruiter or consultancy?
Watch for these warning signs before signing anything.
- They ask for money to get or keep a job.
- They pressure you to lie about skills or experience.
- No verifiable office, website, or real client contracts.
- Contracts with vague terms and severe exit penalties.
How do I protect my immigration status?
Faking experience or working without proper authorization can end your visa and future US prospects. Verify any employer, keep your own records, report jobs in the SEVP Portal, and consult a licensed immigration attorney if anything feels wrong.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is it normal to pay a consultancy for an H-1B job?
No. Legitimate employers and staffing firms never charge candidates for jobs or sponsorship. Any request for upfront fees is a major red flag for a scam.
What happens if a consultancy fakes my resume?
Resume and experience fraud is immigration fraud and can result in visa denial, bans, and deportation — even if the consultancy did it on your behalf. Never agree to fabricated experience.